Mailing subtrees with Attachments

This is pretty exciting; I’ve figured out how to quickly send org-mode subtrees as MIME-encoded emails. That means that, essentially, I can write in org, as plain text, and very quickly export to HTML, add attachments, and send. The exciting part about this for me is that it should streamline my communications with students, while also letting me stay in Org and keep my records in order. Let’s walk through the process.

Use-case

For the moment, I still use Thunderbird as my primary MUA. It’s pretty easy to use, minimal configuration compared to all things Emacs, and if something goes wrong with it I don’t have to quit Emacs (!), just Thunderbird.

<p>
  In some cases, though, Thunderbird makes for an awkward workflow. That&rsquo;s certainly the case for grading, whih has many, poorly-integrated elements. To mark an assignment I need to:
</p>

<ul class="org-ul">
  <li>
    log in to Blackboard (in Firefox; I wonder if I could do that in Emacs?)
  </li>
  <li>
    download the set of student papers (one at a time, 2 clicks per paper) to <code>Downlads</code>
  </li>
  <li>
    move papers to a directory (usually ~/COURSENAME/Grading/ASSIGNMENTNAME )
  </li>
  <li>
    Read papers in LigreOffice, comment inline
  </li>
  <li>
    record mark in Libreoffice Calc spreadsheet
  </li>
  <li>
    email paper back to student with comments
  </li>
  <li>
    upload marks back into Blackboard
  </li>
  <li>
    find a place to archive the student paper in case I need it later, e.g. for a contested grade.
  </li>
</ul>

<p>
  The while process basically sucks. I spend maybe 20% of my time fussing with paths and mouse clicks and email addresses. So I am experimenting with moving as much of this process into Emacs. So far, I don&rsquo;t think there&rsquo;s any way at all to bulk-download the papers &#x2013; that sucks, but I can live with it I guess (I have to!). So I start the optimization at the point where I have all my papers ready to go in a subdir.
</p>

Org-mime

Org-mime is the library that allows org buffers and other elements to be quickly converted to HTML and prepared for multi-part messaging. Load it and set it up (see http://orgmode.org/worg/org-contrib/org-mime.html):

<div class="org-src-container">
  <pre class="src src-emacs-lisp"><span style="color: #b22222;">;; </span><span style="color: #b22222;">enable HTML email from org</span>

(requireorg-mime) ;; setup org-mime for wanderlust ;; (setq org-mime-library ‘semi) ;; or for gnus/message-mode (setq org-mime-library ‘mml)

;; easy access to htmlize in message-mode (add-hook ‘message-mode-hook (lambda () (local-set-key "\C-c\M-o" ‘org-mime-htmlize)))

;; uncomment this to use the org-mome native functions for htmlizing. ;; (add-hook ‘org-mode-hook ;; (lambda () ;; (local-set-key “\C-c\M-o” ‘org-mime-org-buffer-htmlize)))

;; uncomment to displyay src blocks with a dark background ;; (add-hook ‘org-mime-html-hook ;; (lambda () ;; (org-mime-change-element-style ;; “pre” (format “color: %s; background-color: %s; padding: 0.5em;" ;; "#E6E1DC” “#232323”))))

;; pretty blockquotes (add-hook ‘org-mime-html-hook (lambda () (org-mime-change-element-style

         <span style="color: #8b2252;">"blockquote"</span> <span style="color: #8b2252;">"border-left: 2px solid gray; padding-left: 4px;"</span><span style="color: #707183;">)))</span>

Fix htmlization

Upstream org-mime-htmlize unfortunately can’t be called uninteractively (bummer!), so we have to rewrite it to make programmatic calls work properly. I found the solution Emacs Stackexchange.

<div class="org-src-container">
  <pre class="src src-emacs-lisp"><span style="color: #707183;">(</span><span style="color: #a020f0;">defun</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">org-mime-htmlize</span> <span style="color: #707183;">(</span><span style="color: #228b22;">&optional</span> arg<span style="color: #707183;">)</span>

“Export a portion of an email body composed using </span><span style="color: #008b8b;">mml-mode</span><span style="color: #8b2252;">' to</span> <span style="color: #8b2252;">html using org-mode’. If called with an active region only export that region, otherwise export the entire body." (interactive “P”) (requireox-org) (requireox-html) (let* ((region-p (org-region-active-p)) (html-start (or (and region-p (region-beginning)) (save-excursion (goto-char (point-min)) (search-forward mail-header-separator) (+ (point) 1)))) (html-end (or (and region-p (region-end)) ;; TODO: should catch signature… (point-max))) (raw-body (concat org-mime-default-header (buffer-substring html-start html-end))) (tmp-file (make-temp-name (expand-file-name “mail” temporary-file-directory))) (body (org-export-string-as raw-body ‘org t)) ;; because we probably don’t want to export a huge style file (org-export-htmlize-output-type ‘inline-css) ;; makes the replies with “>“s look nicer (org-export-preserve-breaks org-mime-preserve-breaks) ;; dvipng for inline latex because MathJax doesn’t work in mail (org-html-with-latex ‘dvipng) ;; to hold attachments for inline html images (html-and-images (org-mime-replace-images (org-export-string-as raw-body ‘html t) tmp-file)) (html-images (unless arg (cdr html-and-images))) (html (org-mime-apply-html-hook (if arg (format org-mime-fixedwith-wrap body) (car html-and-images))))) (delete-region html-start html-end) (save-excursion (goto-char html-start) (insert (org-mime-multipart body html (mapconcat ‘identity html-images "\n”))))))

Actually perform the export!

These functions are crude helpers that gather extra information about the org subtree, of which org-mime is unaware.

<ul class="org-ul">
  <li>
    <code>mwp-org-get-parent-headline</code> traverses the tree to the ancestor headline, because that&rsquo;s what I want to set the subject to.
  </li>
  <li>
    <code>mwp-org-attachment-list</code> is stolen directly from the Gnorb package, which looks cool, awesome ,and kinda complex; it just iterates through a subtree&rsquo;s attachments and grabs URLs.
  </li>
  <li>
    <code>mwp-send-subtree-with-attachments</code> performs the export and is bound to <code>C-c M-o</code>
  </li>
</ul>

<p>
  So, if I want to mail a subtree, I just <code>C-c M-o</code> and I&rsquo;m almost done &#x2013; the html mail is ready to go, and all org attachments are also attached to the email.
</p>

<p>
  Note there are some real weaknesses here: <code>mwp-org-get-parent-headline</code> actually gets the top-level <i>ancestor</i> &#x2013; which only happens to be what I want right now. Better would be to use org-element to locate the parent (and other headline attributes) directly, but I&rsquo;m not sure how to do that.
</p>

<p>
  Similarly, the initial greeting is generated from the current headline value &#x2013; so this only works because I name my subtrees after the addressee (which I only do because of my use case).
</p>

<div class="org-src-container">
  <pre class="src src-emacs-lisp"><span style="color: #707183;">(</span><span style="color: #a020f0;">defun</span> <span style="color: #0000ff;">mwp-org-get-parent-headline</span> <span style="color: #707183;">()</span>

“Acquire the parent headline & return." (save-excursion (org-mark-subtree) (re-search-backward "^\* “) (nth 4 (org-heading-components))))

(defun mwp-send-subtree-with-attachments () “org-mime-subtree and HTMLize” (interactive) (org-mark-subtree) (let ((attachments (mwp-org-attachment-list)) (subject (mwp-org-get-parent-headline))) (insert “Hello “ (nth 4 org-heading-components) ”,\n”) (org-mime-subtree) (insert "\nBest,\nMP.\n”) (message “subject is” ) (message subject) ;;(message-to) (org-mime-htmlize) ;; this comes from gnorb ;; I will reintroduce it if I want to reinstate questions. ;; (map-y-or-n-p ;; ;; (lambda (a) (format “Attach %s to outgoing message? “ ;; ;; (file-name-nondirectory a))) ;; (lambda (a) ;; (mml-attach-file a (mm-default-file-encoding a) ;; nil “attachment”)) ;; attachments ;; '(“file” “files” “attach”)) ;; (message “Attachments: %s” attachments) (dolist (a attachments) (message “Attachment: %s” a) (mml-attach-file a (mm-default-file-encoding a) nil “attachment”)) (message-goto-to) ))

;; add a keybinding for org-mode (add-hook ‘org-mode-hook (lambda () (local-set-key "\C-c\M-o” ‘mwp-send-subtree-with-attachments)))

;; stolen from gnorb; finds attachments in subtree (defun mwp-org-attachment-list (&optional id) “Get a list of files (absolute filenames) attached to the current heading, or the heading indicated by optional argument ID." (when (featureporg-attach) (let* ((attach-dir (save-excursion (when id (org-id-goto id)) (org-attach-dir t))) (files (mapcar (lambda (f) (expand-file-name f attach-dir)) (org-attach-file-list attach-dir)))) files)))

Contacts

That’s a good start, but there are still some steps to make this truly convenient. For instance, I certainly don’t want to type in students’ email addresses by hand. So I imported my contacts from thunderbird to org-contacts. This was a pain – the process was Thunderbird → Gmail (via gsync plugin) → vcard (via gmail export) → org-contacts (via Titus’s python importer). I wish there was a CSV importer for org-contacts; probably this would be easy to write but I’m so slooooowwww at coding. My org contacts live in GTD/Contacts.org, which is set in Customize, and org reads them on startup with this line

<div class="org-src-container">
  <pre class="src src-emacs-lisp"><span style="color: #707183;">(</span><span style="color: #a020f0;">require</span> '<span style="color: #008b8b;">org-contacts</span><span style="color: #707183;">)</span>

<p>
  With this single line, org-contacts now provides <kbd>TAB</kbd> completion in message-mode to headers. It&rsquo;s very fast, so feels more convenient than Thunderbird.
</p>

<dl class="org-dl">
  <dt>
    Making it better
  </dt>
  
  <dd>
    I wish I could get org-contacts to provide tab completion in my subtrees (see below). I would need to access the completion function directly and somehow set the binding for <kbd>TAB</kbd> to that completion function.
  </dd>
</dl>

Adding Attachments with Drag & Drop

After I make inline comments, I fill out a grading template and attach the paper to the resultant subtree (C-c C-a a PATH). This is OK, but sometimes it would nice to be able to drag and drom the files, so I am working on these functions.

<dl class="org-dl">
  <dt>
    Even better
  </dt>
  
  <dd>
    an even better solution be to add the attachments programmatically. The studnet papes follow a strict naming convention, so I should be able to crawl the directory and find the most recent paper with the student&rsquo;s name in it&#x2026; I&rsquo;m worried it wil lbe too error prone though.
  </dd>
</dl>

<p>
  Anyway: unfortunately the following code doesn&rsquo;t work right, so <b>don&#8217;t just cut and paste this code!). I *ought</b> to be able to bind the drag and drop action to a function &#x2013; even several functions &#x2013; and, if conditions are right, attach the dragged file to the current org header. John Kitchin describes this method <a href="http://kitchingroup.cheme.cmu.edu/blog/2015/07/10/Drag-images-and-files-onto-org-mode-and-insert-a-link-to-them/">here</a>. But I do the following instead, which is also broken right now:
</p>

<p>
  Start by loading org-download, which downloads dragged images as attachments and inserts a link. (yay). THen a modification which fixes handling of file links allowing me to drag-n-drop files links onto org as attachments. Unfortunately, I can&rsquo;t get org-attach to process the URI&rsquo;s properly. Darn it.
</p>

<div class="org-src-container">
  <pre class="src src-emacs-lisp"><span style="color: #707183;">(</span><span style="color: #a020f0;">require</span> '<span style="color: #008b8b;">org-download</span><span style="color: #707183;">)</span>

(requireorg-attach) ;; extending the dnd functionality ;; but doesn’t actually work… (defun mwp-org-file-link-dnd (uri action) “When in `org-mode’ and URI points to local file, add as attachment and also add a link. Otherwise, pass URI and Action back to dnd dispatch” (let ((img-regexp "\(png$\|jp[e]?g$\)") (newuri (replace-regexp-in-string “file:///" "/" uri))) (cond ((eq major-mode ‘org-mode) (message “Hi! newuri: %s “ (file-relative-name newuri)) (cond ((string-match img-regexp newuri) (insert "#+ATTR_ORG: :width 300\n”) (insert (concat "#+CAPTION: “ (read-input “Caption: “) "\n”)) (insert (format "[[%s]]" uri)) (org-display-inline-images t t)) (t (org-attach-new newuri) (insert (format "[[%s]]" uri)))) ) (t (let ((dnd-protocol-alist (rassq-delete-all ‘mwp-org-file-link-dnd (copy-alist dnd-protocol-alist)))) (dnd-handle-one-url nil action uri))) )))

;; add a new function that DOESN’T open the attachment! (defun org-attach-new-dont-open (file) “Create a new attachment FILE for the current task. The attachment is created as an Emacs buffer." (interactive “sCreate attachment named: “) (when (and org-attach-file-list-property (not org-attach-inherited)) (org-entry-add-to-multivalued-property (point) org-attach-file-list-property file)) )

(defun mwp-org-file-link-enable () “Enable file drag and drop attachments." (unless (eq (cdr (assoc "^\(file\)://" dnd-protocol-alist)) ‘mwp-org-file-link-dnd) (setq dnd-protocol-alist `(("^\(file\)://" . mwp-org-file-link-dnd) ,@dnd-protocol-alist))))

(defun mwp-org-file-link-disable () “Enable file drag and drop attachments." (if (eq (cdr (assoc "^\(file\)://" dnd-protocol-alist)) ‘mwp-org-file-link-dnd) (rassq-delete-all ‘mwp-org-file-link-dnd dnd-protocol-alist)

<span style="color: #707183;">))</span>

(mwp-org-file-link-enable)

Last modified: 15 July 2015